In comparison NIKE business in Indonesia with Jepang state

Nama  : Fitri Indri Yani
Npm   : 12210830
Kelas  : 4EA14

Nike, Inc. Is one of the company's shoes, apparel and sporting goods that the United States is one of the largest in the world. They are famous for sponsoring some famous athletes in the world such as Tiger Woods , Ronaldo and Michael Jordan. In addition they also have agreements with various world soccer teams like Manchester United, FC Barcelona, ​​Arsenal, F.C. Basel, Juventus, Clube de Regatasd Flamengo, Steaua Bucuresti, AC Sparta Praha, Red Star Belgrade, Inter Milan, VfL Bochum , VfL Wolfsburg, Hertha BSC Berlin, Borussia Dortmund , PSV Eindhoven , Valencia CF , Urawa Red Diamonds, Kaizer Chiefs, Atlético de Madrid, NK Maribor, Celtic, FC Porto, Paris Saint - Germain, Boca Juniors and Corinthians. They are often accused of employing children in sweatshops underage .

History
Products Nike sports shoes and clothing easily identified by the distinctive logo of the company , the " swoosh " tick , and the slogan " Just Do It " .

Based on the name of the Greek goddess of the means of victory, Nike was founded in 1964 when the Oregon businessman once named athlete Phillip Knight , mengagas running shoes imported from Japan to compete with German brands such as Adidas and Puma are then dominated the U.S. market . The advantage is that the Japanese shoes cheap because labor is cheaper in Japan .

He began selling shoes with destinations around the athletics stadium , where sales are slowly but surely increased dramatically . In the 1970s , Knight and his growing company seeing the beginning of the revolution and start jogging mmasaran products for the non - professional runners as well . He then immediately open up a broader market and transform the image into a fashion shoes running shoes and pull everyone from children to adults wear .
In 1979 Nike has mastered half the market in the U.S. and with revenues reaching U.S. $ 149 million . In the mid 1980s the company's position seems unassailable , but it suddenly appeared that the attack of the rival Reebok . But in 1990 Nike re- lead the company , especially since the introduction of the shoes " Air Jordan " is supported and promoted by basketball star Michael Jordan .
Today , Nike is maintaining its position as the market leader in sports shoes , and is an important player in the sports apparel and accessories . Fortune magazine reported sales of U.S. $ 3.7 billion in 1994 and a profit of U.S. $ 299 million ( Fortune 1995 ) . Approximately 60 percent of the company's sales in the United States , about 30 percent in Europe and 5 percent in Asia . (1993 Nike : 25 ) .

Nike is the company ethos involves a strong dedication to the sport and fitness . Staff at the company's headquarters , Nike World Campus in Beaverton , Oregon , is expected to spend several hours every day in the gym . They are described by the director as the Nike " athletic , outdoor , lets - do-it - together types .

The company wants to be seen , in the words OWII , as " young , American and hi - tech , devoting a lot of attention to research and development " .

Comparison NIKE marketing in Indonesia and in Jepang

Nike in Indonesia

Nike has been operating in Indonesia since 1988 and nearly a third of the shoe present is a product of there . In a press interview in November 1994 , the company Nike in Indonesia coordinator , Tony Band , said the company used a total of 11 contractors in Indonesia . Among these are the marks of an associated company Nike bases in South Korea and Taiwan - are also at the same time produce for other brands such as Reebok , Adidas and Puma .
The relationship between Nike and contractors in Indonesia is quite close . Each Nike personnel at each factory in Indonesia check the quality and workmanship that meet the stringent requirements of Nike .

Most of the factories producing for Nike is located in a newly developed area for light industry in Tangerang and Serang , west of Jakarta . In the Korean -owned factory ( and some that Indonesia also ) top management held by the Koreans . mid-level managers and supervisors can also come from Korea or Indonesia. But all production workers are from Indonesia , especially young women in the 16-22 age group , the workers usually come from the island of Java .

Nike in Jepang

Apart from a brief but unsuccessful experiments with manufacturing in the U.S. , Nike shoes are always made ​​in Asia , first in Japan , then in South Korea and Taiwan , and recently in China and Southeast Asia.

Nike began production in South Korea and Taiwan in 1972 , attracted by the cheap labor there , and was soon joined by other companies including Adidas and Reebok .
But Nike then initiate further steps. Instead of having our own factory, they contracted a local production in Korea and Taiwan .

As Nike boss Phil Knight's company said : " There is no definite value in making something . Value is added by careful research , by innovation and marketing " ( Katz 1994) . Nike products are now basically follows the idea of a designer and marketer of footwear . Industry then done by supplier Korea and Taiwan . Once again , other companies follow this model .
In the 1980s, Nike tried to make production in China , in partnership with state -owned companies , but this proved disastrous . Nike then move investments into Taiwan . Nike then take advantage of labor costs are cheaper there .

At the end of the 1980s with the labor unrest in South Korea , - an increase in the level of wages and loss of control of work by Korean authorities - has made the country less attractive to investors , both foreign and domestic , who began looking for another location more fun . Nike then moved their operations to southern Thailand and Indonesia , in search of cheaper labor and less hassle . Wages in both countries touted as one of the cheap because it only uses a quarter of the rate paid in South Korea . Some associations Nike , based in Taiwan also established in Southeast Asia .

Another reason for this shift is that in 1988 , both South Korea and Taiwan to lose preferential access to the U.S. market , which has long as they enjoy the status of " developing country " under the General System of Preferences ( GSP ) U.S. . Korea and Taiwan investors and then move to a factory in Thailand , Indonesia and China by making use of GSP privileges from poor countries .

Seven of the top suppliers of Nike sports shoes in 1992 , three is a Taiwanese company that manufactures its products in China , the other three operations in South Korea , and also in Indonesia , one is a company in Thailand .